CONSIDERACIONES PRÁCTICAS
- Procure diagnosticar correctamente una afección relacionada con el gluten y corregir los desencadenantes alimentarios (por ejemplo, FODMAPs/fructanos) antes de elegir innecesariamente una dieta baja en FODMAP o una DLG.
- Algunos atletas con SGIE pueden beneficiarse de una dieta modificada, baja en FODMAP. El apoyo dirigido por nutriólogos profesionales entrenados, que se especializan en nutrición deportiva y la dieta baja en FODMAP puede facilitar la eficacia, el uso adecuado de la dieta y evitar restricciones innecesarias o complicaciones asociadas con la restricción de alimentos.
- Los atletas que se benefician de la reducción de FODMAP probablemente requieran una planificación dietética modificada que involucre alimentos específicos altos en FODMAP y no la forma más estricta de la dieta. Por ejemplo, la lactosa o la fructosa pueden ser los desencadenantes más comunes, y puede ser necesaria la reducción de solo la lactosa y el exceso de fructosa para mejorar los síntomas. Otra alternativa que puede ser necesaria para una reducción completa de los síntomas es el empleo agudo de una dieta baja y estricta en FODMAP durante 1-3 días antes y durante el ejercicio de resistencia intenso.
- Para un aporte óptimo de nutrientes en la fase de recuperación (reposición de carbohidratos), también puede requerirse evitar los alimentos altos en FODMAP.
- Cuando se utiliza una DLG o baja en FODMAP, debe prestarse una cuidadosa atención al potencial de la restricción innecesaria de alimentos sobre desarrollo de trastornos de la alimentación.
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TRADUCCIÓN
Este artículo ha sido traducido y adaptado de: Dana Lis. "From Celiac Disease, Gluten Sensitivity vs Gluten Sensationalism, to FODMAP Reduction as a Tool to Manage Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Athletes". Sports Science Exchange (2018) Vol. 29, No. 189, 1-6. por Pedro Reinaldo García M.Sc.